Saturday 13 December 2008

The Brain Systems: Anxiety and Depression (2)

Although the brain is complex and interconnected, neuroscientists have learned that certain brain systems are specialized and involved in controlling certain functions. This chapter gives you a basic understanding of brail anatomy and the latest information on brain function as it applies to anxiety and depression. It is estimated that the brain has more than 2,000 individual structures. To make things more manageable and easier to understand, neu­roscientists divide the brain into lobes, or larger systems. The brain is typi­cally divided into cortical (outside surface of the brain) and subcortical (deep brain areas) structures. The cortex is divided into four lobes: the frontal lobes, temporal lobes, parietal lobes, and occipital lobes. A useful, broad generalization is that the back half of the brain takes in and perceives the world, while the front half of the brain integrates incoming information with past experience and plans and executes behavior.

Through our imaging work we have seen that there are five major sys­tems involved with behavior. As much as we have discovered, it is clear to us that we are only at the very beginning stages of understanding brain function and behavior. The information we present here is based on our own experi­ence and what we have learned through the study and application of what other scientists have discovered. What is thought to be true now is likely to be revised time and time again as neuroscientists continue to learn about the brain. The treatment protocols and diagnostic equipment that we consider state of the art today will seem primitive as technology continues to progress.

Basal Ganglia Functions
sets the body's idle or anxiety level integrates feeling and movement shifts and smoothes fine-motor behavior suppresses unwanted motor behaviors enhances motivation



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